What complications can arise from excessive uterine activity during labor?

Excessive uterine activity during labor can lead to significant complications, particularly concerning fetal well-being. One of the primary concerns is inadequate fetal oxygenation, which can occur when uterine contractions are too intense or prolonged. This can reduce blood flow to the placenta and, consequently, limit the amount of oxygen delivered to the fetus.

When the fetus does not receive adequate oxygen, it can result in abnormal heart rate patterns that may be indicative of fetal distress. These patterns might include decelerations or other irregularities in the fetal heart rate, reflecting the fetus's stress and potential compromise. Continuous monitoring during labor is essential to observe these changes and take appropriate action if necessary.

The other options do not align with the risks associated with excessive uterine activity. For example, while a maternal heart rate increase may happen during labor, it is not a direct complication of excessive uterine activity. The implication that improved fetal heart rate variability would occur is misleading, as variability typically indicates a well-oxygenated fetus, which is not the case during episodes of heightened uterine activity. Lastly, while prolonged labor might be a concern, it is not a direct consequence of excessive uterine activity and can result from a variety of other factors. Therefore, monitoring and understanding