When would a fetal heart rate be monitored externally?

Monitoring fetal heart rate externally is a non-invasive method that is particularly suited for low-risk pregnancies. This approach allows healthcare providers to observe the fetus's heart rate patterns without introducing any additional risks associated with invasive methods, such as fetal scalp electrodes. It is commonly used during routine prenatal visits, labor, and delivery in low-risk scenarios to ensure the well-being of the fetus while minimizing unnecessary interventions.

In high-risk situations, while external monitoring may still occur, the need for closer surveillance often necessitates more invasive methods for detailed assessment. Therefore, the preference for external monitoring is a balance between ensuring safety and obtaining sufficient information about fetal health, which is well-suited to low-risk pregnancies.