Which condition is most likely associated with prolonged deceleration?

Prolonged decelerations in fetal heart rate monitoring are often indicative of underlying issues in fetal well-being, particularly related to oxygen supply. Uteroplacental insufficiency refers to a situation where the placenta is not providing adequate blood flow and nutrients to the fetus, which can lead to a reduction in oxygen delivery. This can manifest as prolonged decelerations in the fetal heart rate tracing, signaling potential distress or compromised fetal condition.

Additionally, umbilical cord compression can also result in similar patterns of deceleration due to the intermittent reduction of blood flow through the cord, particularly during uterine contractions. In either case, these factors can significantly affect the fetal heart rate and are serious concerns that need monitoring and potentially urgent intervention.

Healthy fetal status, maternal position changes, and increased fetal activity are generally not associated with prolonged decelerations. A healthy fetus typically demonstrates reassuring heart rate patterns, while maternal position changes are often intended to optimize fetal heart rates. Increased fetal activity is usually associated with accelerations rather than decelerations, indicating a well-oxygenated and active fetus.