Which of the following components are included in a biophysical profile?

The biophysical profile (BPP) is a comprehensive assessment that evaluates several vital aspects of fetal health and well-being, primarily using ultrasound and fetal monitoring techniques. The correct answer highlights the inclusion of fetal heart rate, fetal movements, and fetal tone, which are crucial parameters in the BPP.

Fetal heart rate provides insights into the baby's current state and can help identify distress or other issues. Fetal movements indicate the baby's activity level and neurological function, while fetal tone gives information regarding muscle activity and overall health. These components work collectively to assess how the fetus is coping with the intrauterine environment, thereby informing healthcare providers about the need for potential intervention or further monitoring.

In contrast, assessments such as maternal heart rate and oxygen levels, measurement of uterine contractions, and evaluation of placental position do not form part of the BPP. While these factors are important in managing pregnancy overall, they are not directly evaluated in the BPP framework, which is specifically designed to focus on fetal conditions.